Endometriosis is a chronic condition characterized by tissue resembling the uterine lining (endometrium) growing outside the uterus, often on the ovaries, fallopian tubes, and pelvic lining.
This tissue reacts to hormonal fluctuations throughout the menstrual cycle, resulting in inflammation, pain, and occasionally the development of scar tissue.
Symptoms vary but commonly include pelvic pain, painful periods, pain during intercourse, and infertility.
Diagnosis typically involves a combination of symptoms assessment, pelvic examination, and imaging tests like ultrasound or MRI.
Pelvic Pain: Pain before and during menstruation, which may intensify over time.
Painful Intercourse: Discomfort or pain during or after sex.
Pain with Bowel Movements or Urination: Especially during menstrual periods.
Excessive Bleeding: Heavy periods (menorrhagia) or bleeding between periods.
Infertility: Difficulty conceiving due to tissue growth affecting reproductive organs.
Causes and Risk Factors:
Retrograde Menstruation: Menstrual blood flows backward through the fallopian tubes into the pelvic cavity.
Immune System Disorders: Issues with the immune system may make the body unable to recognize and eliminate endometrial-like tissue growing outside the uterus.
Hormonal Factors: Estrogen may promote the growth of endometriosis implants.
Genetics: Family history increases the risk of developing endometriosis.
